In “War and the State in Africa,” Jeffrey Herbst states...

Intro to Comparative Politics In War and the State in Africa, Jeffrey Herbst states that †¦it should be recognized that there is very little evidence that African countries, or many others in the Third World, will be able to find peaceful ways to strengthen the state and develop national identities. Do you agree with Herbsts argument? Why? Lei Zhang Professor Dickson 2/10/2011 ï ¿ ½ Although African countries are facing many severe problems including weak national identities and limited governmental capabilities, war might not be the only way to strengthen the state and develop national identities. When we consider the intense globalization undertaken by the world, collaboration by African unification provides another choice†¦show more content†¦Weak national identity in African states is one of the problems discussed by Herbst. If Africa is united as a whole and becomes strong over time, national identities, or even ethnic identities attached to each individual state or ethnic group will gradually erode, and Africanness will become the new identity. The definition of national identity is a group of people bound together by a common set of political aspiration.ï ¿ ½ Since Africans share similar colonial history and face equally impoverished situations, why cant African states collaborate and unite as a whole, like the European Union has since 1952 and the existing African Union since 2002. This Africanness can be the new national identity which holds Africans together. For example in the history of the United States, during the early period after independence, citizens traveling abroad didnt recognize themselves as the citizens of the U.S. as a whole, but rather identified themselves with the individual state they originally resided from. As the country became stronger over time, the state identity was replaced with the real national identity.ï ¿ ½ Someone may argue the fact that some confronting societies that are often fragmented and have little orientation to the state as a whole.ï ¿ ½ Therefore, how is each state and ethnic group willing toShow MoreRelatedSomalias Struggle for Power Essay example1524 Words   |  7 PagesSomalia’s struggle for power to establish a sovereign Somali state has raised international concerns of terrorism, piracy, human trafficking and famine causing instability locally and throughout the Horn of Africa. Although U.S. backed Somali Federal Government (SFG) has had some recent success against the al Qaeda (AQ) linked al-Shabaab, Somalia continue to face local and regional border disputes. Somalia has historically relied on outside actors who later abandoned Somalia due to a shift in foreignRead MoreThe Roots of Apartheid: South Africa’s Colonial Experience Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesIn recent years, there have been efforts to understand the institution of apartheid in South Af rica. From the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, to general study into the history of South Africa, much scholarship has been devoted to the study of the effects of apartheid and the atrocities committed in the post-World War II period. However, one topic remains largely un-researched—the origins of the vast apartheid structure instituted by the Herenigde (Reunited) National Party (HNP) in the late 1940’sRead MoreThe Issue Of Gender Related Violence2883 Words   |  12 Pagesthat the incidence of violence against women could be reduced by way of a stronger state. The second is that the incidence of violence against women is best addressed with greater representation and leadership by women. 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Abuse Of Power In Animal Farm Essay Example For Students

Abuse Of Power In Animal Farm Essay Animal FarmThe novel, Animal Farm, was written byGeorge Orwell and was published in 1946. The story is about a farm in Englandaround the time of the Russian revolution. The animals on Manor Farm areirritated with the way they are being treated, so they start a revolution. The pigs, who were the smartest animals on the farm, took control of thefarm while the other animals worked. Throughout the novel the pigs lieto the other animals and change the rules, of the farm to accommodate themselves. George Orwells real name was Eric Blair. He was born in 1903. He went to school at Eton, and after service withthe Indian Imperial Police in Burma, he returned to Europe to earn hisliving writing novels and essays. He was a political writer who wrote ofhis own times. He was a man of intense feelings and fierce hates. He hatedcant and lying and cruelty in life and in literature. He was critical ofcommunism but was himself a Socialist. The setting for Animal Farm is Manor Farmin England during the time of the Russian revolution. The farm is enourmous. The farm has been enlarged by two fields bought from Mr. Pilkington, andvarious new buildings had been added. One of the major characters in the novel,Animal Farm, is Nepoleon. Napoleon, after driving Snowball, another pigwho was trying to take over the farm, off the farm, took over. Nepoleonsays one thing, and does the other, takes other peoples ideas, and he isthe biggest liar on the farm. Nepoleon took the freedom of the animals,that they had gained from the revolution, and twisted it so that now insteadof being enslaved by the farmer, they were enslaved by him. In the novel, Animal Farm, the animalsspeak with a Russian accent. For instance, the word comrade is used often. The pigs mostly use a Russian accent, but the other animals mainly usean American accent. Animal Farm is about a farm in Englandduring the Russian revolution. The animals on Manor Farm are fed up withthe way they are being treated. Inspired by a speech given to them by alate animal named Major, the animals revolt. The animals drive the owneroff the farm and take over. The pigs who were the smartest animals tookcontrol, set up rules, and kept the farm together. Throughout the years on the farm the pigslie to the other animals about, if they work hard, all the luxuries theywould receive. The years pasted and the animals worked harder and harder,but they never received their benefits. The pigs on the other hand didnot work at all but lived in comfort. The pigs also lie to the animalsand change the rules to accommodate themselves. For instance, in the beginningof the novel no animal was allowed to walk on two legs, drink alcohol,or sleep in human beds, because those were human luxuries and humans wereconsidered evil. After the pigs discovered the pleasuresof these luxuries, then the rules were animals were not allowed to drinkexcessively, to sleep with sheets, and walking on two legs was better thanwalking on four. At the end of the story, one could not tell if the pigswere human or not. One the themes of Animal Farm is Communism. Throughout the book the pigs who represent the communists, enslave theanimals. They make them believe by working hard they will be rewarded,but they never got rewarded. Another theme could be selfishness. Throughoutthe novel the pigs have the animals do all the work and they take all thefood. The pigs change the rules to accommodate themselves. .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e , .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .postImageUrl , .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e , .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e:hover , .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e:visited , .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e:active { border:0!important; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e:active , .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uebd263ce7b72fdc7d5a9a0023a19307e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Women In Combat (426 words) EssayThe moral consideration of Animal Farmis that power corrupts people. After the farmer was overthrown the pigstook power. After the power shift the pigs changed, they started to becomemore like the humans . They used beds and clothes, drank liquor, and mademoney. They went against everything they first said they stood for. The novel, Animal Farm, expressed the conceptof communism well. The writer uses the element of for shadowing in a waythat, every time the pigs changed a rule or lied to the other animals,one could tell that they were becoming more and more like the humans, andeventually at the end of the story they practically did.

Into Thin Air free essay sample

Moreover, Hall’s knowledge about media players such as Jon Krakauer and Sandy Pittman cause lethal events. The degree of loyalty and teamwork on Everest amplifies potential hazards to professional guides and their fellow clients. In this expedition, ‘guide’ means a leader of group, thus all guides have responsibility to care clients as individual. However, caring those inexperienced climbers at the 8,000 meters above is too extreme for the guides. Shigekawa who is one of Japanese climber on Everest explains that they â€Å"were too tired to help. Above 8,000 meters is not a place where people can afford morality. † However, in that terrible condition, honorable guide such as Rob Hall has to support his client Doug Hansen. When Hall reaches to South summit to support Doug Hansen to achieve his goal, Doug’s oxygen has run out, and they become stranded at the top. Hall could have left Hansen and descend the mountain for survival, â€Å"Hall, however wouldn’t consider going down without Hansen. We will write a custom essay sample on Into Thin Air or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Hall is trying to protect his clients until the very end and his loyalty could deserve respect as a leader. As a result, extreme loyalty and trusting between guides and clients brings more death on the expedition. Inexperienced client’s greedy challenge also requires respectable guides’ death. Even though Rob hall well know about their clients’ ability of climbing skill, they push themselves beyond beginners’ limitation, because he wants fellow clients to achieve their own goals. People who participate in this expedition are millionaire because they pay such $65,000 expensive fees to reach the summit of Everest, but they are lack of mountaineering experience. It is true that Rob Hall should have suggested to Hansen to stop summiting Everest again, but he understands of feeling about not achieving goal, blocks him to head off Hansen’s hope. It has been said about Hall that ‘he’d been talked into returning this year by Hall, who felt sorry that Hansen had been denied the summit’. So Hall wants to give another chance to Hansen. Then his misjudgement for Hansen causes their unexpectable miserable death. In spite of Fischer and Hall already knew about importance of turn-around time and exact time, but they ignored it and decide to keep summiting. Accordingly, excessive determination makes horrible sacrifice on expedition. Rob Hall’s reputation by media mainly generates the fatal events to fellow Everest climbers during the course. Jon Krakauer and Sandy Pittman are the people who did not pay the whole fee because they are the people who are relate to the media attention. Before the expedition, there was competition between Fischer and Hall to cast/liaise Krakauer to join as their team. The reason why both men wanted Krakauer is because they realise that he is in â€Å"outside† magazine where they would have significant chance to advertise their business on the media. Consequently, it can be believed that a person who can support their business to media can get to the top at any cost. However this miss belief causes another disadvantage to climbers on the Everest. Sandy is a person who makes clients nervous, because â€Å"nobody on the mountain cut a higher profile or generated as much gossip† other than her. Moreover, she records and reports all the events on the mountain. Then people are worrying about her report, about expedition’s clients which can be appeared as negatively on the internet. Also, her heavy broadcasting equipments generate her Sheraps to be more exhausted. Therefore, it can be said Rob Hall’s consideration about media leads to the deadly circumstances to him as well as other fellow clients. To conclude, there is no doubt that all people who are on Everest are trying to end their expedition as successfully. However, that excessive degree of loyalty and challenge reveals not only guides, but also clients to be suffered. Furthermore, pressure of reputation to Hall creates even more damaging among other members. Accordingly, there are various characteristics have changed into deathly.

Swiss Army Knife for Writers

Swiss Army Knife for Writers Swiss Army Knife for Writers Swiss Army Knife for Writers By Maeve Maddox Until now, the only Thesaurus on my shelves was Rogets, and it was gathering dust because I quit using it years ago. I found it more useful to look up a word in a regular dictionary and see what synonyms were offered. Not ideal, but it gave me more options than Rogets. Now, however, Ive found a reference that is a thesaurus and then some: Oxford American Writers Thesaurus. 2nd edition. Compiled by Chrstine A. Lindberg. The title says it all. Its a writers tool that, for practical versatility, compares to a campers Swiss Army Knife. The main section contains about a thousand pages of entries. Unlike Roget, the OAWT gives the word in context before offering synonyms. Do you ever have a word on the tip of your tongue, but you cannot think of it? You cant even remember what letter it begins with, but youd know it if you saw it? Theres a section for that. In the Word Finder section words are arranged in categories: animals, architecture, food, music, etc. Then there are sections for Archaic Words and Literary Words. Maybe you want to remind yourself what a dangling modifier is, or review how to punctuate titles. Go no further than the Language Guide, nearly 50 pages of clearly presented rules of grammar, spelling, punctuation, plus tips for avoiding common errors. And, wait, as they say on the infomercials, theres more! Scattered among the entries in the main section are boxes containing helpful and entertaining notes on usage and connotation. Theres so much good stuff in this reference book that Ill probably want to tell you more in a future post. For now, a comparison of one entry in the Oxford American Writers Thesaurus with the same word in Roget will explain some of my enthusiasm. Rogets II, The New Theaurus, 1980 (the one on my shelf) aback adverb without adequate preparation unawares Rogets 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright  © 2008 by the Philip Lief Group. (online) Main Entry: aback Part of Speech: adverb Definition: taken unawares Synonyms: confused, surprised, thrown off, thrown off guard Oxford American Writers Thesaurus, 2nd edition aback adverb -PHRASES take someone aback everyone in the church was taken aback when the grooms ex-wife stood up and objected to the marriage: surprise, shock, stun, stagger, astound, astonish, startle, take by surprise; dumbfound, stop someone in their tracks; shake (up), jolt, throw, unnerve, disconcert, unsettle, bewilder; informal flabbergast, floor, bowl over. Click here to check Oxford American Writers Thesaurus on Amazon. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Book Reviews category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Rules for Writing Numbers and Numerals8 Types of Parenthetical PhrasesIs Your Novel "Mystery," "Thriller," or "Suspense"?

Wildes play The Importance of Being Earnest Essay

Wildes play The Importance of Being Earnest - Essay Example It is said that satire gives rise to emotions which are not the best of humans. Such emotions would be anger, hatred, indignation and malice, as well as shame, guilt, and anxiety (Test 1). But satire also gives light to such negative emotions in the sense that it is combined with comedy, so that audiences could swallow reality better. It is also a common fact that people who are portrayed in satire are such that is a chore to be with, especially during the times that there is no choice in whom to be in company with. One of the most famous people who portrayed satire at its best is Oscar Wilde. Known not just for the plays that he wrote, he was also an icon, to the point that he and his flamboyant personality were far more famous than his works (Van Kirk 2). He was born into an affluent Victorian family and was surrounded by intellectuals. Eventually, he showed promise as a writer during his days in Oxford. But his times there were also the factors that made him the flashy person that he was (3). Unfortunately, due to the scandals that Wilde committed, his works became devalued and he was sent to prison, having his spirit and body crushed. He was never the same again, and he died an unloved man in 1900 (Gregory 2). However, his works were revisited in the 1960’s, and he was regarded as one of the best when it came to portrayals of his time (Van Kirk 9). Wilde’s play The Importance of Being Earnest was a hit when it first opened on February 14, 1895. While it did poke fun at the morals and values of the upper-class society, it was well-written in such a way that the elite believed the play was a glimpse of what they really do, for the middle-class and lower-classes to see (Gregory 7). This kind of style that isn’t bitter satire made Wilde’s plays successful and widely accepted by the Victorian Era, while at the same time exposing the hypocrisy of the elite. Also, aside from poking fun at the superficial concerns of the Victorian societ y (which he is quite very much familiar with), Wilde made his characters rather charming so that people can relate to them well and love them despite their traits (Quintero 465). The characters in the play are mostly members of the upper-class Victorian society, which consists mostly of people of aristocratic origin, those who were able to acquire immense wealth, as well as the middle class which had professionals. The poor and working-class people were only portrayed as lackeys and footmen but were still visible in the play. Exaggerations of trivial matters by the elite were emphasized while the acceptance of virtues such as hard-work and patience were showed well by the working and middle-class. In a way, the play mixes such values and at the same time shows that there is an eventual change in the way society works: that eventually the middle-class would be taking over and that the aristocrats would be losing their voices, while the lower-class would still be at the lowest rung (G regory 7).

Self-Driving Cars Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Self-Driving Cars - Research Paper Example From this paper it is clear that in 1939, a General Motors (GM)’s sponsored exhibit, Futurama designed by Norman Bel Geddes, was unveiled at the world Trade Fair. The electromagnetic fields generated by the embedded circuits in the highway provided propulsion while control was radio based. Bel later outlined his mission in a book entitled Magic Motorways in 1940. These developments prompted the improvements in highway design and transportation. In 1923, Radio Corporation America (RCA) labs successfully built a miniature controlled by wires laid on the laboratory floor. It was an experimental system that jerked the imagination of a traffic engineer in Nebraska called Leland Hancock.This study highlights that during the same time, London under United Kingdom’s Transport and Roads Research Lab tested Citron Ds, a driverless car that interacted with magnetic cables embedded in the roads. Citron cruised through a test track at a steady speed of 130 kilometers per hour withou t signs of deviation in any weather condition. In 1980s, Ernst Dickmann and his team of engineers in Bundeswehr University Munich in Germany designed a vision-guided Mercedes Benz robotic van. The van moved at a speed of 63 kilometers per hour on the streets without traffic jam. EUREKA also conducted a multi-million Prometheus Project on autonomous vehicles from 1987 to 1995.  The United States Congress passed the Transportation Automation Bill in 1991 that instructed the United States Department of Transportation to demonstrate self-driving vehicles and highway systems by 1997.

Security Planning for Airlines Control and Safeguard Systems Essay Example for Free

Security Planning for Airlines Control and Safeguard Systems Essay Scenario 1 FlyWithUs Airlines has started a new low-cost carrier service to link major cities such as New York City with small towns. A few of the airports that service FlyWithUs are located in remote areas and are ill-equipped to handle emergencies. The airline also has a charter service that flies to locations around the world. In some remote areas, where the airports are small, help may not be immediately available in the event of an accident or some other crisis. Due to a failure of the air traffic control information system, a FlyWithUs pilot is forced to make a manual emergency landing. The plane skids off the runway and finally comes to a halt in the wilderness lining it. Five people are hurt, and one woman is critically injured. The airport does not have an ambulance on standby. By the time an ambulance arrives from the nearest hospital, which is 150 miles from the airport, the woman is dead. Question: Could this have been the result of a cyberattack on the transportation industrys critical infrastructure? Could FlyWithUs have prevented this situation? If yes, what measures could they have taken? Could they have stationed their own ambulance at the airport to handle emergencies? Should their pilots have been better trained to make emergency landings? Select one of the three case studies discussed at the end of Module 6 and respond to the reflection questions. Scenario 2 The U.S. Army has chartered a flight to Afghanistan in order to transport soldiers needed because of a recent rise in attacks by the Taliban. At a stopover point, FlyWithUs discovers that refueling is not possible because fuel supply lines have been cut due to rebel activity. The team and the plane are now stranded and are waiting for help. Question: How could information systems have been used to prevent this from  happening? What types of security measures are now needed to secure the airplane, its passengers, and its cargo in this dangerous situation? Is there any way in which FlyWithUs could have ensured a fuel supply? Could the airline have arranged to carry extra fuel? Scenario 3 The IT department has updated the antivirus software on all computers except for this one, because this computer was placed outside the firewall for a short period for trial purposes. Although the computer was brought back within the firewall, the system administrator failed to update the antivirus. Question: How do you think this situation could have been prevented? Could the IT department have conducted regular inventories of the software on each computer to identify missing patches? Could the IT department have implemented a process to ensure that no computer is moved outside the boundaries of the firewall?